View recommendation for multi-camera demonstration-based training

While humans can effortlessly pick a view from multiple streams, automatically choosing the best view is a challenge. Choosing the best view from multi-camera streams poses a problem regarding which objective metrics should be considered. Existing works on view selection lack consensus about which metrics should be considered to select the best view. The literature on view selection describes diverse possible metrics. And strategies such as information-theoretic, instructional design, or aesthetics-motivated fail to incorporate all approaches. In this work, we postulate a strategy incorporating information-theoretic and instructional design-based objective metrics to select the best view from a set of views. Traditionally, information-theoretic measures have been used to find the goodness of a view, such as in 3D rendering. We adapted a similar measure known as the viewpoint entropy for real-world 2D images. Additionally, we incorporated similarity penalization to get a more accurate measure of the entropy of a view, which is one of the metrics for the best view selection. Since the choice of the best view is domain-dependent, we chose demonstration-based training scenarios as our use case. The limitation of our chosen scenarios is that they do not include collaborative training and solely feature a single trainer. To incorporate instructional design considerations, we included the trainer’s body pose, face, face when instructing, and hands visibility as metrics. To incorporate domain knowledge we included predetermined regions’ visibility as another metric. All of those metrics are taken into account to produce a parameterized view recommendation approach for demonstration-based training. An online study using recorded multi-camera video streams from a simulation environment was used to validate those metrics. Furthermore, the responses from the online study were used to optimize the view recommendation performance with a normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG) value of 0.912, which shows good performance with respect to matching user choices

IN-VIVO CHARACTERIZATION OF TOTAL PROTEIN, ALBUMIN CONTENT, LIPID PROFILE AND ENZYMATIC PROPERTY OF BALAJIRAKADI KVATHA CURNA (BLJ) IN ALBINO RAT PLASMA

The study was devised to evaluate the effect of total protein, albumin content, enzymatic property and lipid profile in rats plasma after chronic administration of Balajirakadi Kvatha Curna (BLJ), a classical Ayurvedic preparation that is widely used in cough. The drug was administered per oral route at a dose of 40 ml/kg of the body weight for 45 consecutive days. Eight-week old albino rats (Rattus novergicus : Sprague - Dawley strain,) of both sexes, bred and maintained at the Animal House of the Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University were used for the experiment. All experiments on rats were carried out in absolute compliance with the ethical guide for care and use of laboratory animals. After the administration of BLJ preparation for a period of 45 days, the following biochemical parameters (protein, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, HDL, sGPT sGOT and ALP) in the plasma of both the male and female rats were determined. An increased level of Total protein, the Albumin content and triglyceride in the plasma found in the both male and female rats, none of these changes were significantly different from their corresponding control values but noticeable. On the contrary in both female and male rats the decreased level in the total Cholesterol, VLDL, LDL and HDL was noticed and among which Total Cholesterol and VLDL are significant. Surprisingly the LDL content was almost similar to the corresponding control value and decrease in HDL was not significant. A statistically very highly significant increase in the sGPT sGOT and ALP activities in the plasma of male rats was found while in the female rats it has been showed a statistically very highly significant decrease in sGPT and sGOT but ALP activities in the plasma was statistically insignificant

Critical Casimir force in the superfluid phase: effect of fluctuations

We have considered the critical Casimir force on a $^4$He film below and above the bulk $\lambda$ point. We have explored the role of fluctuations around the mean field theory in a perturbative manner, and have substantially improved the mean field result of Zandi et al [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 76}, 030601(R) (2007)]. The Casimir scaling function obtained by us approaches a universal constant ($-\frac{\zeta(3)}{8\pi}$) for $T\lesssim 2.13~\text{K}$.Comment: The term $\frac{1}{4b}\xi_0^4k_BT_\lambda$ at the Fig.2-caption in the published version should be read as $\frac{1}{4b\xi_0^4k_BT_\lambda}

Synchrophasor Based Voltage Stability Monitoring And Control of Power Systems

With increasing loads, change in generation mix, environmental limitations on transmission system expansion and high competition amongst the power utilities, power systems are being pushed to voltage stability limits, thus increasing the chances of a voltage collapse that can lead to a blackout. Numerous voltage instability incidents occurring around the world in recent years have emphasized voltage stability studies during planning and operation of power systems. With the advent of synchrophasor technology, improved algorithms can be developed utilizing phasor measurements to efficiently monitor the voltage stability condition of a power system, thus enabling fast online control.Objective of this research is to develop new real time voltage stability monitoring tools and a voltage stability control tool using synchrophasor data. The developed tools are computationally efficient and suitable for real time monitoring and control. The local phasor measurement based real time voltage stability monitoring tool has been developed for implementation at substation(s), while the wide area voltage stability monitoring and control tools have been developed for use by system operators at control centers. Although these tools have been designed to make use of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data, they can also be implemented using State Estimator data obtained from Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA), as well as PMU data integrated with SCADA data. The proposed wide area voltage stability monitoring algorithm non-iteratively computes the voltage stability margin (in the form of an index) for all load buses using a unique 'system-centric reduced network equivalent' approach. An important consideration in real time monitoring using synchrophasor technology is data quality and accuracy of PMUs. Thus, a new semi-automated tool has been proposed to make PMU testing easy, fast and accurate. The proposed wide area voltage stability control algorithm aims at solving a voltage stability problem using minimal switching of control resources in 'normal mode', and in minimal time in 'emergency mode', properly coordinating the available control resources in the system. The proposed monitoring and control algorithms have been tested offline and online on several IEEE test cases under different voltage stability conditions, and their results have been validated with established analytical tools

Computed tomography angiographic study of internal mammary perforators and their use as recipient vessels for free tissue transfer in breast reconstruction

Context: The internal mammary artery perforator vessels (IMPV) as a recipient in free flap breast reconstruction offer advantages over the more commonly used thoracodorsal vessels and the internal mammary vessels (IMV). Aims: This study was designed to assess the anatomical consistency of the IMPV and the suitability of these vessels for use as recipients in free flap breast reconstruction. Patients and Methods: Data from ten randomly selected female patients who did not have any chest wall or breast pathology but had undergone a computed tomography angiography (CTA) for unrelated diagnostic reasons from April 2013 to October 2013 were analysed. Retrospective data of seven patients who had undergone mastectomy for breast cancer and had been primarily reconstructed with a deep inferior epigastric artery perforator free flap transfer using the IMPV as recipient vessels were studied. Results: The CTA findings showed that the internal mammary perforator was consistently present in all cases bilaterally. In all cases, the dominant perforator arose from the upper four intercostal spaces (ICS) with the majority (55%) arising from the 2nd ICS. The mean distance of the perforators from the sternal border at the level of pectoralis muscle surface on the right side was 1.86 cm (range: 0.9–2.5 cm) with a mode value of 1.9 cm. On the left side, a mean of 1.77 cm (range: 1.5–2.1 cm) and a mode value of 1.7 cm were observed. Mean perforator artery diameters on the right and left sides were 2.2 mm and 2.4 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Though the internal mammary perforators are anatomically consistent, their use as recipients in free tissue transfer for breast reconstruction eventually rests on multiple variables